The distinction between a turntable’s audio output options relates to signal level and equalization. One output, often labeled “phono,” delivers a low-level signal requiring pre-amplification and RIAA equalization. This signal originates directly from the cartridge, a component that converts the stylus’s movement into an electrical signal. The other output, typically designated “line,” provides a higher-level signal that has already been pre-amplified and equalized, making it compatible with standard amplifier inputs. For instance, connecting a turntable directly to powered speakers usually requires the latter type of connection, while older stereo receivers are equipped with dedicated inputs for the former.
Proper selection of the output is critical for achieving optimal audio quality and preventing damage to audio equipment. Using the incorrect output can result in very low volume, distorted sound, or potential overload of the connected amplifier. The advent of integrated amplifiers with dedicated inputs facilitated widespread vinyl record playback. Modern turntables may include a built-in preamplifier to simplify connectivity to contemporary audio systems lacking dedicated phono inputs.
