These units are preamplifiers specifically designed to amplify the low-level signals produced by phono cartridges in record players to a level suitable for input into a standard amplifier or receiver. They are a critical component in high-fidelity audio systems that utilize vinyl records as a source. Their function is to boost the millivolt signals generated by the cartridge to a line-level signal, typically around 1 volt, while also applying RIAA equalization, a standardized pre-emphasis curve applied during vinyl record mastering that needs to be reversed during playback.
The significance of such a device lies in its ability to reveal the full potential of vinyl recordings. Properly executed amplification and equalization are essential for accurate and detailed sound reproduction. These units offer enhanced sonic performance compared to built-in phono stages found in some amplifiers, often employing higher quality components, more sophisticated circuit designs, and improved power supplies to minimize noise and distortion. Historically, external phono stages arose from the need to provide a dedicated and optimized solution for vinyl playback, as integrated amplifiers often compromised phono performance to cater to a wider range of audio sources.
